SION DE BOLNISSI

The symbol of the Crusader knights in the Middle Ages, the cross, originated in this church, here in Georgia. It takes as its model an ornament dating from the 5th century. It also became Georgia's national symbol. The Bolnissi cross is itself a variant of the Christian symbol that inspired other variants, such as the cross of the knights of the Order of Malta and, via the Order of the Teutonic Knights, the iron cross of the German army. You'll see it engraved on the pillar to the right of the altar. Built between 478 and 493, Bolnissi Basilica is one of the oldest churches in Georgia. It is also the largest basilica and one of the most remarkable examples of Christian architecture of the period. The country was in contact with Persia at the time, and its frescoes reflect Persian artistic influences. Its bell tower dates from the 17th century. The basilica has three naves and no dome. On the pillar to the left of the altar, you'll see a reproduction of the first inscription found in Georgia using the Georgian alphabet. The original inscription was taken to the National Museum of Georgia in Tbilisi. The inscription mentions "Bishop David and King Peroz". Other inscriptions inside the church date from the same period. The rest of the interior decoration is prodigious; note the geometric shapes and the bestiary, including the engravings on the columns representing birds and animals, as well as the baptistery decorated with a peacock and bulls' heads.