PURANA QILA
Old Fort on a hilltop with the Qila-i-Kuhna mosque built in 1541 and the Sher Mandal, an octagonal tower of red sandstone.
The site, probably occupied by a fortress before the 16th century, would be that of the legendary Indraprashta, a city mentioned in the Mahabharata. In any case, archaeological discoveries have unearthed the remains of a very ancient city, dating back to 1000 BC. Emperor Humayun had the present structure built when, succeeding his father Babur in 1530, he decided to transfer his kingdom from Agra to Delhi. Sher Shah, who ousted Humayun from power, added several buildings to the citadel, which was renamed Shergath (Lion Fort).
Built on the top of a hill and guarded by a wall pierced by 4 monumental gates, the Purana Qila now houses only two monuments. The Qila-i-Kuhna Mosque, built in 1541 by Sher Shah, bears witness to the Mughal style and the richness of its decorations, whose elegant proportions are inspired by Iran. To the south, the Sher Mandal, a two-storey red sandstone octagonal tower, is topped by an eight-pillared kiosk in which Humayun had set up his library. Its simplicity evokes the austere beginnings of the dynasty that would bring Indo-Muslim art to its apogee. It was in January 1556, in this modest tower, that the emperor, kneeling for prayer, missed a step and fell to his death.
Once you have visited the citadel, take the path on your right just before the ticket office. It will take you to the lake. Like the Indians, you can opt for a pedal boat ride: a good way to see the ramparts from another angle!
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