Matera, Italy's troglodyte town, is full of treasures to discover. Located in the Basilicata region, this thousand-year-old city voted European Capital of Culture in 2019 offersbreathtaking scenery and a fascinating history. In this article, we present the 19 must-sees during your stay in Matera. From cave churches to dwellings carved out of limestone rock, museums and panoramic viewpoints, follow us on an unforgettable journey to the heart of this unique city.
1. Visit a traditional sassis, a must-see in Matera
While in Matera, be sure to visit one of the town's traditional sassis. These troglodyte quarters, carved out of the limestone rock, are the emblem of Matera and bear witness to its thousand-year-old history. The sassi di Matera has even been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1993. Take a stroll through the steep, narrow streets of the sassi, and you'll discover troglodyte dwellings, rock churches and caves once used as animal shelters. You can also admire the white facades of the houses, adorned with balconies and windows decorated with flowers. For a total immersion in Matera's history and culture, don' t hesitate to book a guided tour of the sassis with a local guide right here.
Discover our dedicated article What to do, what to visit in Basilicata? The 13 must-sees.
2. Piazza del Duomo
Located in the heart of the city, the Piazza del Duomo is one of Matera's liveliest squares. Surrounded by historic buildings, it offers a breathtaking view of Matera Cathedral, also known as the Duomo. Built in the 13th century, this Romanesque church is one of the most beautiful in the region. It features a facade adorned with sculptures and bas-reliefs, and an imposing bell tower. To the right of the main entrance, you can admire a fresco of the Giudizio universale (Last Judgment), attributed to Rinaldo da Taranto (13th century), the only vestige of the pictorial decoration that adorned the cathedral. Don't miss the painted limestone crib by Altobello Persio (1534) and the Madonna della Bruna, a 13th-century Byzantine fresco.
3. Chiesa del Purgatorio
During your visit to Matera, don't miss this magnificent church with its convex façade, reminiscent of an archbishop's mitre. You'll certainly be struck by the macabre ornamentation of its portal, adorned with bas-reliefs and wooden casements depicting skulls and skeletons. The church was built in 1723 by the Confraternità delle Sante Anime del Purgatorio, at a time when Matera had some 20 confraternities and a population of 15,000. Inside, you can admire a Greek cross plan and Baroque altars in polychrome marble, evidence of a luminous late Baroque.
4. Visit Matera's rock churches
Matera is famous for its rock churches, carved into the limestone of the Sassi. These places of worship, some of which date back to Byzantine times, bear witness to the town's history and spirituality. Among Matera's most remarkable rock churches are the chiesa di Santa Lucia alle Malve, the chiesa di Santa Maria de Idris and the chiesa di San Pietro Barisano. The former, located in the Sasso Barisano, is adorned with frescoes dating back to the 13th century. The second, carved into the rock of the Sasso Caveoso, offers a breathtaking view of the Gravina valley. Finally, the Chiesa di San Pietro Barisano, the largest of Matera's rock churches, is decorated with 14th-century frescoes depicting scenes from the life of St. Peter.
Discover Matera's most important sites, including the rock churches, by booking this guided walking tour.
5. Church of St. Peter Barisano
As mentioned above, this is one of Matera's must-visit churches. The church of St. Peter 'Barisano' is in fact the most imposing of Matera's sassi. The three-aisled interior was built and underground spaces were dug to accommodate a funerary rite known as "scolatura ". This practice consisted of placing the bodies, dressed in their liturgical vestments, in a seated position on seats carved into the rock inside niches, until they had completely decomposed. The bones were then cleaned and placed in ossuaries. This custom spread throughout southern Italy in the 17th and 18th centuries. While visiting the church, you can explore the underground passageways, winding your way through a small labyrinth of narrow galleries, and catch a glimpse of the niches that housed the bodies of the deceased.
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6. Visit the Palombaro lungo
Matera's underground cistern is the city's largest water reservoir, with an impressive capacity of 5,000 m3. Excavated beneath Piazza Vittorio Veneto, Matera's main square, it is fed by rainwater and a natural spring located on the hill of the Tramontano castle. The tour is very short, so it's up to you if you really want to take it, but in any case it will allow you to discover the depths of Matera by exploring a vast underground cistern dug into the rock. It's hard to imagine that this huge cavity lies beneath Piazza Vittorio Veneto!
7. Matera Museum of Contemporary Sculpture
Matera's Museum of Contemporary Sculpture houses an impressive collection of almost 400 sculptures dating from the late 19th century to the present day, by renowned Italian and international artists such as Kengiro Azuma, Maria Lai and Duilio Cambellotti. The works are exhibited in the magnificent frescoed halls of the 17th-century Palazzo Pomarici, as well as in underground spaces, part of an ancient network of hypogeums dug into the tufa rock. MUSMA is thus the only troglodyte museum in the world, offering a unique experience of a successful marriage between the ancient and contemporary sculpture in bronze, marble or steel.
8. How to get to Info Matera
In the main square, at the entrance to Matera's historic center, is a small, independent information center that we recommend. It offers maps, brochures and the possibility of booking guided tours. Among the options available, you can choose a classic walking tour of the sassi, an excursion to the Murgia materana park to discover its rock churches, or a visit to the original Crypt del Peccato, also known as the "Sistine Chapel of rock churches". For a unique experience, you can also book a guided tour of the sassi on board a vintage scooter called Ape.
9. Visit Matera's archaeological museum
The museum in Matera's former Baroque monastery of Santa Chiara houses a rich archaeological collection, initially donated by physician and archaeologist Domenico Ridola in 1910. Over the years, the collection has been enriched by local archaeological discoveries, covering a period from the Palaeolithic to the Magna Grecia. The objects on display come from the surrounding mountains, fortified villages and Apulian-Lucanian sites along the Bradano.
10. Casa cava
La Casa Cava is a cultural center located in the picturesque alleyways of Matera's Sasso Barisano. Once an abandoned tufa quarry used as a landfill site, it was transformed into a cultural venue in 2011. Casa Cava traces the history of Matera and its ancient troglodyte houses through an innovative multimedia installation. It hosts conferences, concerts and exhibitions, and boasts an auditorium with exceptional acoustics. We recommend that you visit Casa Cava after exploring the sassi, to better understand the explanations given.
11. Hiking in the Parco della Murgia Materana
Along with the sassi of Matera, the Murgia Materana Regional Park is a Unesco World Heritage Site, offering some of the most spectacular scenery in southern Italy. This limestone territory of some 8,000 hectares, still little known to tourists, has been inhabited by man since the Palaeolithic era. Troglodyte dwellings, the remains of Neolithic villages and 150 medieval rock churches bear witness to an ancient and continuous human presence. The Murgia Timone Belvedere is an excellent starting point for exploring the Park. It can be reached by car via the SS 7 towards Taranto, or on foot from Matera/ On arrival, the panorama of Matera, with its sassi and tufa cliffs studded with cavities, is impressive . The small rock churches of Sant'Agnese and Madonna delle Tre Porte are nearby.
Book your e-bike adventure in and around Matera here.
See also our article dedicated to Holidays in Italy: where to escape the crowds?
12. Matera Museum of Medieval Art
Matera's Palazzo Lanfranchi is home to the National Museum of Medieval and Modern Art, housed in a former seminary built between 1668 and 1672 at the request of Bishop Lanfranchi. The museum is organized into three sections on the second floor: sacred art, the D'Errico collection and contemporary art. The sacred art section features works from local churches, including paintings detached from rock art sites. The contemporary art section features portraits and landscapes painted by Carlo Levi during his confinement in Basilicata, as well as paintings by Luigi Guerricchio and photographs by Mario Cresci. On the first floor, Carlo Levi's monumental painting Lucania '61 is on display, depicting the special atmosphere of the sassi. The second floor hosts temporary exhibitions.
13. Church of St. John the Baptist
Discover the church dedicated to St. John the Baptist, one of Matera's most remarkable religious buildings outside the rock churches. Built in 1220 in Apulian Romanesque style, it was remodeled in Baroque style in the 17th and 18th centuries, before being restored to its original medieval architecture. The entrance is through a richly sculpted portal, topped by a niche housing a polychrome stone statue of St. John the Baptist and zoomorphic sculptures. The flat chevet is also adorned with animal figures. Inside, you'll admire beautiful ribbed vaults and a remarkable painting of the Vergine in gloria con i santi Antonio abate, Cosma e Damiano, Biagio e Vincenzo, painted by Vito Antonio Conversi in 1727. Don't miss Pasquale Calabrese's Pietà in polychrome wood and Altobello Persio's Annunciation on the cornice.
14. Stroll around Piazza Vittorio Veneto
Piazza Vittorio Veneto is one of Matera's liveliest and most emblematic squares . Located in the heart of the town, it is surrounded by historic buildings and offers a breathtaking view of the Sassi. The piazza is a meeting and relaxation place for locals and visitors alike, who can enjoy the many cafés and restaurants lining the square. Strolling through Piazza Vittorio Veneto, you can admire the monumental fountain, the Palazzo dell'Annunziata and the church of San Francesco d'Assisi. The piazza is also the ideal starting point for exploring the narrow streets and winding stairways of the Sassi, where you can discover rock churches, troglodyte dwellings and the region's spectacular scenery.
15. Climb to Belvedere Luigi Guerricchio
For a breathtaking view of Matera's Sassi, there's nothing like climbing up to the Luigi Guerricchio Belvedere. Located on the hill of the same name, this belvedere offers a breathtaking panoramic view of the town and its surroundings. From this vantage point, you can admire the roofs of troglodyte houses, rock churches and the natural landscapes of the region. The Luigi Guerricchio Belvedere can be reached on foot from Matera's historic center, taking the stairs up to the hill. Once at the top, you can enjoy a moment of relaxation and contemplation, while admiring the beauty of the town and its surroundings. We recommend a visit at the end of the day, just as the sun is setting, for an even more magical experience.
Do you like panoramic views? Click here to book to book your panoramic tour of Matera by tuk-tuk.
16. The Belvedere di Piazza Giovanni Pascoli, another must-see in Matera
If you're looking for another magnificent viewpoint over Matera, don't miss the Belvedere di Piazza Giovanni Pascoli . Located in the town's historic quarter, this belvedere offers a breathtaking view of the Sassi and surrounding hills. From this vantage point, you can admire the roofs of troglodyte houses, rock churches and the natural landscapes of the region. The Belvedere di Piazza Giovanni Pascoli can be reached on foot from Matera's historic center, via the narrow streets and stairways that lead up to the square. Once at the top, you can enjoy a moment of relaxation and contemplation, while admiring the beauty of the town and its surroundings.
17. Visit Matera by night
Matera can also be visited at night. As the sun sets, the streets and squares light up, creating a magical, romantic atmosphere. The Sassi, rock churches and historic monuments take on a new dimension, offering visitors a unique spectacle. You can stroll through the narrow streets and winding staircases of the Sassi, discover the town's lively bars and restaurants, or enjoy a breathtaking view of Matera from one of the many illuminated vantage points. A visit to Matera by night is an experience not to be missed, allowing you to discover the town from a different angle and fully appreciate its charm and beauty. It's definitely a must-do on your trip to Italy!
We recommend that you book this night hike in the Murgia. First you'll enjoy the sunset, then the night landscape and a fascinating, breathtaking view of the Sassi di Matera.
18.The Crypt of Original Sin
Known as the "Sistine Chapel of rock churches", the Crypt of Original Sin houses a magnificent painted decoration on its rock walls, dating back to the 9th century. Scenes of Creation and Original Sin, as well as numerous representations of angels and saints, adorn the walls of this cavity, which once served as the oratory of a now-defunct Benedictine monastery. To reach this exceptional site 14 km south of Matera, you can book a shuttle through local agencies such as InfoMatera.
19. Taste the local culinary specialties
Basilicata is a region rich in flavors and culinary specialties. During your visit to Matera, don't miss the opportunity to sample the region's typical dishes. Among the specialties not to be missed are "orecchiette", pasta shaped like little ears, often served with meat or vegetable sauces. Cavatelli" is another popular pasta variety, usually served with tomato and cheese sauces. Peperoni cruschi" are dried and fried peppers, a local specialty often served with meat or cheese dishes. Last but not least, don't forget to try "pane di Matera", a typical local bread with a hard crust and soft crumb, perfect to accompany cold cuts and cheese dishes.
Looking for an authentic cultural experience? Take part in a pasta or focaccia-making workshop with a farming family in Matera's caves by booking right here.
See also our article on What to eat in Italy? 20 culinary specialities to discover.
Where to stay in Matera?
Matera offers a wide variety of accommodation options to suit all tastes and budgets. If you'd like to stay in a charming hotel, you'll find a number of establishments located in the Sassi, the town's historic district. These hotels are often housed in ancient buildings and offer a unique and authentic experience. If you prefer more modern accommodation, you'll also find contemporary hotels and bed & breakfasts in the city center . For travelers looking for a more unusual experience, it's possible to stay in a troglodyte dwelling, dug into the limestone rock. And for those on a budget, there are youth hostels and campsites close to the city. Whatever your choice, we recommend that you book your accommodation in advance, especially during the high tourist season.
Discover our three favorite accommodations in Matera!
- The most unusual: Sextantio Le Grotte Della Civita
This is a hotel not to be missed! You'll have the chance to sleep in sassi and enjoy maximum comfort at the same time. It's more than just a stay, as these "caves" are particularly romantic and luxurious. It's the perfect opportunity to sleep in a unique atmosphere that evokes the history and charm of Matera's sassi. Click here to book your stay !
Ostello dei Sassi - Matera Hostels is a youth hostel offering 50 dormitory beds on two floors. A microwave, kettle and cooking facilities are available in the kitchenette. Lockers are available for your belongings. And in the basement, in a cave, there's a lounge where you can meet up and socialize before discovering Matera "by night"! Are you tempted? Click here to book your stay !
- The most luxurious: the 4-star Hotel Palazzo Viceconte
The 4-star Hotel Palazzo Viceconte is a refined and exclusive place that you can book right here. Housed in a restored 18th-century palace, it offers the ideal setting for an unforgettable stay or event. Guests particularly appreciate the quality of the rooms and the hotel's location, close to the city's main sights.
Find out more about our favorite accommodations in Matera!
What to see in Matera in 2 days
Matera is a city rich in history and culture, and there are many places to visit. If you only have two days to explore the town, here's a selection of the must-sees you won't want to miss:
- The Sassi: Matera's historic district, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Stroll through the narrow streets and discover troglodyte dwellings, rock churches and picturesque squares.
- Matera Cathedral: an imposing religious building in Piazza Duomo. You can admire its facade adorned with sculptures and bas-reliefs, as well as its richly decorated interior.
- National Museum of Medieval and Modern Art of Basilicata: this museum houses an impressive collection of works of art ranging from the Middle Ages to the present day.
- Murgia Materana Regional Park : a natural park close to the town, offering spectacular scenery and hiking trails.
- The Luigi Guerricchio Belvedere: this vantage point offers breathtaking views of the Sassi and surrounding hills.
- The Crypt of Original Sin: a rock church with frescoes dating back to the 9th century.
- The Palombaro Lungo : an underground cistern dug into the limestone rock, once used to collect rainwater.
Of course, this list is not exhaustive, and there are many other places to discover in Matera. We recommend that you take the time to stroll through the narrow streets and let yourself be carried away by the town's unique atmosphere.
Where can I park to visit Matera?
If you're heading to Matera by car, it's important to know where to park so you can visit the town in peace. Here are a few parking options:
- Paid parking lots: there are several paid parking lots in Matera, located close to the main tourist attractions. Rates vary according to the length of the parking period.
- Piazza della Visitazione free parking lot: this free parking lot is about a 10-minute walk from Matera's historic center. It has a large number of spaces and is often less busy than the paid parking lots.
- Via dei Sanniti free parking lot: this free parking lot is about a 15-minute walk from Matera's historic center. It also has a large number of spaces and is a good option if the Piazza della Visitazione parking lot is full.
- Park-and-ride lots: there are several park-and-ride lots outside town, where you can park for free and take the shuttle bus to the city center. The shuttles are free and run regularly.
Whatever your choice, we recommend you check the opening and closing times of the parking lots, as well as any traffic restrictions in Matera's historic center.
Book in advance below the trendiest activities to do when visiting Matera :
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