PAHIYANGALA CAVE (FA HIEN CAVE)

This cave, if it is not very deep, marks by its height. The entrance is 45 meters high and 60 meters wide. It is estimated that it could accommodate 3,000 people. During excavations carried out between 1986 and 2009, archaeologists discovered mainly microliths (small carved stone tools dating from prehistoric times) but also human graves containing six human bone fossils. These discoveries have allowed archaeologists and paleontologists to estimate that the first inhabitants of the cave were contemporaries of Cro-Magnon Man! Today, it is the oldest archaeological site in Asia.

Pahiyangala Cave, also known as Fa-Hien Cave, takes its name from a Chinese monk, Fa-Hsiengala, who, in the 4th century BC, travelled the country in search of Buddhist texts. He is said to have stayed in this cave during his journey to Adam's Peak (Sri Pada). Just before entering the cave, a cave temple conceals a 12-metre long reclining Buddha statue. Pilgrims visit the site regularly as evidenced by the candles burning in front of the temple.

The access to the Pahiyangala cave is by a staircase which crosses a thick forest, before passing the canopy. It can also be reached by a paved road (less steep) which joins the last flight of stairs. From the cave, the panorama spreads over the Sri Lankan jungle as far as the eye can see.