MUSEO DE ARQUEOLOGÍA SUBACUÁTICA - FUERTE SAN JOSÉ
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Museum built on the hill of Vigia Vieja, exhibiting navigation instruments and an impressive rudder.
Built in the 18th century on the hill of Vigía Vieja, it formed an impenetrable line of defence with Fort San Miguel. Formerly the Museo de Barcos y Armas, the six rooms display an original theme centred on underwater archaeological discoveries from the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, and from the flooded underground areas of the peninsula since the end of the Ice Age. The first invites visitors to enter a cave that reconstructs the formation of Mexican and peninsular territory from 165 million years ago to the Ice Age (45,000 to 10,000 BC). Fossils of animals that were typical of the steppes at the time, such as the Sand Tiger (smilodon), one of the 13 species found in the Hoyo Negro de Tulum cave, are reconstructed along with the oldest human skeleton in the entire continent, that of Naia. A video tells his story, the story of his daily life and his accidental fall. Then, Mayan pieces from the cenotes and maps of pre-Hispanic maritime trade and port infrastructure are presented. From the oceanic odysseys of the Spanish conquerors, navigational instruments and an impressive ebony rudder bar carved in the shape of a snake, found in the river waters of Palizada, are on display. Of great historical and aesthetic value are the 211 pieces of silverware and precious stones (gold, emerald, ruby, red coral, etc.) found in a ship that ran aground in the Gulf.
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